1. when the culture within a community has developed over a period of time and becomes very advanced
2. the act of living in a city
3. people lived in fic places villages, which gradually grow into towns and cities.
4.economic exchange
5. development of religions/philosophies
6. social hierarchy and different occupation
7. a form of human society
8. Culture- includes language, eating the same food, oveying the same rules and laws and they follow the SAME customes and tradition